![]() Heart rate (HR) was extracted as a measure of autonomous body response prior to and after the first note played. A notable exception is the work of Craske and Craig, who studied 40 musicians in both private and public performance contexts. The majority of stress research into music performance has focused on the psychological construct of performance anxiety using questionnaires, while neglecting the objective assessment of corresponding physiological components. For professional musicians, the expectation to deliver high-quality performances-no matter where, when, and for whom-has been linked to debilitating and sometimes career-threatening mental and physical distress. Moreover, the sources of stress in music performances are manifold, from executing technically demanding compositions to responding to critical audiences in rarified performance spaces. ![]() This enables close control, documentation, and monitoring of situational variables, while musicians and their audiences interact naturally. The parameters of performance are set by widely shared conventions and by the constraints of the music being performed. Music performance is a particularly apt domain for studying ANS reactivity to stress. Current research explains stress through the modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) resulting from physical, environmental, or other psychosocial stressors, where both the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS) are involved in the regulation of functions including heart rhythms, respiration, and blood pressure. The first attempt to introduce a taxonomy of stress dates back to Hans Selye in 1936, who defined stress as a “non-specific endocrine response”. EP/K025643/1, Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative EP/P008461, and Pathways to Impact Grant PSA256).Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. AH/K002287/1), the Peter Sowerby Foundation, and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant ref. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are in the paper and supporting information files.įunding: The research reported in this article was supported by grants from the UK’s Arts and Humanities Research Council (grant ref. Received: DecemAccepted: ApPublished: April 24, 2017Ĭopyright: © 2017 Chanwimalueang et al. PLoS ONE 12(4):Įditor: Yih-Kuen Jan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, UNITED STATES (2017) Stage call: Cardiovascular reactivity to audition stress in musicians. In conclusion, our findings suggest that interventions to manage stress are best targeted at the sensitive pre-performance period, before an audition begins.Ĭitation: Chanwimalueang T, Aufegger L, Adjei T, Wasley D, Cruder C, Mandic DP, et al. Results from the spectral analyses also suggest that the stress responses in the female participants were more parasympathetically driven than those of the male participants. The complexity science approaches-namely, multiscale sample entropy and multiscale fuzzy entropy-indicated a statistically significant decrease in structural complexity in HRV from the low- to the high-stress condition and an increase in structural complexity from the pre-performance to performance period, thus confirming the complexity loss theory and a loss in degrees of freedom due to stress. Our data analysis approach spanned both standard (temporal and spectral) and advanced (structural complexity) techniques. The analysis consisted of the detection of R-peaks in the ECGs to extract heart rate variability (HRV) from the notoriously noisy real-world ECGs. To this end, we recorded the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 16 musicians (11 violinists and 5 flutists) before and during performances in both low- and high-stress conditions: with no audience and in front of an audition panel, respectively. ![]() Knowledge of how these demands affect cardiovascular responses to psychosocial pressure is essential for developing strategies to both manage stress and understand optimal performance states. Auditioning is at the very center of educational and professional life in music and is associated with significant psychophysical demands.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |